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T Randolph

S. Tipton "Tip" Randolph

Former 1st Lieutenant
436 Troop Carrier Group (Gliders)
U. S. Army

 

1st Lieutenant Randolph served in the
European Theater of Operations earning
four air medals and seven campaign stars.

 

 

 Operation Varsity March 1945

DESCRIPTION OF THE ROLE GLIDERS PLAYED IN SUPPORT

Airborne was a new word added to the army language in 1941. The purpose of this new concept was to have divisions capable of being airlifted beyond established battlefronts. Another new word to describe the task of what an airborne unit would be doing was "Vertical Envelopment." As plans developed the commanders wanted support equipment such as jeeps, mortars, 70mm cannons and supply trailers available. The solution was to develop a glider that could be towed to the areas that paratroopers would be jumping into. The Troy Aircraft Co in Troy OH designed a glider approved by the US Army Air Force. Designated CG4-A, it could carry loads of 3850 lbs. with a overload factor of 1200 lbs. This would be an aircraft of large proportions with a wingspan of 83 feet 8 inches, a length of 48 feet 33 inches and strong enough to support a loaded gross weight of 7840 lbs.

Glider

Glider design

 

NOW JOIN ME ON MISSION VARSITY—This airborne mission will deposit 21,000 paratroopers and glider men in Germany east of the Rhine River. This will require 1300 gliders. There will be twelve troopers in my glider. On March 22nd 1945 Col. Williams, the 436th Group Commander, called a meeting of all flying personnel for a mission briefing. Each of four squadrons, the 79th, 80th, 81st, and 82nd make up the 436th Troop Carrier Group. The Group will tow gliders carrying 17th Airborne aboard. Each squadron will put up sixteen C47 tow ships. Each plane will tow two CG4-A gliders. Takeoff time is 7:54am March 24th 1945. The first forty five minutes we will circle the field at which time the last plane will be in the air. During this time we will be forming a V of V's to the right. We will then head onto course, DESTINATION LZ-S, 3 miles north of Wesel Germany, six miles east of the Rhine River. The westerly side of this area has a railway and highway running north and south, and running through the northeast corner is the Issel River. I will be piloting Glider 8 within the 80th squadron. Of the two glider combination, I will be on the long tow 400 feet behind our tow ship. My copilot is Fred Meadows.

On short tow is Hugh Robb 350 feet behind the tow ship, his copilot is William Wojtyna. This is the first mission for both co- pilots. Robb was a good friend. We joined the squadron at the same time when it was formed over two years earlier.

March 24th, mission day, was a sunny, bright, spring day with a few thin clouds in a pale blue sky. I am thinking, will our luck hold today? The 80th squadron is the only one in the 436th that has not lost a glider pilot in three previous missions although we have had some injured pilots. As we approach Brussels the air is becoming quite turbulent caused by all the planes joining the main corridor that will stretch over two hundred miles. Off to the left are British formations. To the right are C47's with 17th Airborne paratroopers. Suddenly as I look a head I see the left outer wing section on Robb's glider break and turn up to ninety degrees and quickly blow apart. The glider goes into a slow flat spin, the tow rope breaks and it noses over heading straight down as it goes out of view. The tow plane is almost in a stall position during which we have lost three positions in the formation. The pilot decides to get our position back by speeding up and climbing up and going over the top of the other planes in formation. For the next hour we continue to fight rough turbulence that bounces us around. We are having to make constant corrections to maintain position behind the tow plane. As we approach the Rhine we see black puffs of flak ahead.

Operation Varisty


There are tow ships on fire. Another tow plane blows up. The blast from the explosion flips the glider it was towing over on its back. It is cart wheeling toward the ground as it disappears under us. The curtain of flak also extends to the sides to include both outside columns. We have just about cleared the river when a piece of metal debris comes through the nose of our glider striking our instrument panel ripping it from its mounting. It ends up on Fred's upper shoulder cutting through his sleeve and opening up a large wound. The trooper sitting behind Fred takes a gauze pad from his aid kit and places it over the cut and pulls the sleeve over top and wraps the arm with tape.

We get the green light from our tow ship. It is time to get off tow. We
are over a cloud of smoke that has come from those below building bridges over the river. We have no instruments to aid us land. We make our 270 degree turn by sighting the column passing over head and enter the cloud. As we get lower the smoke starts to thin at one hundred feet and we are able to make out objects. Below are gliders on fire, troops some moving, others not. I notice a drainage ditch to our right, the first good thing.

If I can get stopped close by, it will afford cover from what ever is going on. We come to a stop about fifteen feet from this ditch. Fred seems to be in shock so one of the troopers and I drag him out of the glider and into the ditch. We do not want to stay here in the ditch thinking that the Germans may put some 20mm rounds in our glider or cut the ditch bank down with their fire. I also want to get Fred to an aid station. Hopefully we will find a medic that can tell us in what direction we need to go. About ten minutes later a medic jumped in the ditch on his way to a station to get more supplies. He threw Fred over his shoulder and disappeared in the haze. Gliders were still landing. One blew up just before touching down. It had to be carrying ammo of some kind. The Germans seemed to panic.
That gave the airborne a chance to clear the area. By 12:30 pm the 194th Glider Infantry.

Regiment that had landed in LZ-S was taking over the area as the German resistance crumbled. At 3:00 pm on the 25th all firing had stopped. Glider pilots were ordered to escort prisoners back to the river. On the 26th we boarded boats for crossing to the west bank of the Rhine. The following day we were picked up by 436th planes and flown back to our base in France. Later in a report by the 194th Regimental Commander in charge of landings in LZ-S. He stated that 50 of his men were MA, 103 were wounded and the MIA list had not been completed. The LZ-S glider pilots 18 MA, 80 wounded and 30 MIA. 11 MA, 31 wounded and 12 MIA were from the 436th Group. This would be the last glider mission in the Europe Theater.

Indelible images of Operation Varsity remain painfully present even now sixty three years later.

 
S. Tipton "Tip" Randolph
Former 1st Lieutenant
436 Troop Carrier Group (Gliders)
U. S. Army

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